Orthopaedics and Traumatology

What Is Orthopedics and Traumatology?

Orthopedics and Traumatology is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and nerves.

Orthopedics deals with congenital skeletal disorders, developmental abnormalities, and degenerative diseases, while traumatology covers the treatment of fractures, dislocations, and soft tissue injuries resulting from accidents, falls, sports injuries, and traffic accidents.

The primary goal of this field is to reduce pain, restore functional mobility, and improve patients’ quality of life.

What Conditions Does Orthopedics and Traumatology Treat?

• Fractures and dislocations
• Sports injuries
• Joint degeneration (osteoarthritis)
• Spine disorders
• Congenital skeletal deformities
• Bone, muscle, and soft tissue tumors
• Pediatric orthopedic conditions
• Disorders of the hand, shoulder, knee, hip, and ankle

Arthroscopic Surgery and Sports Injuries

Arthroscopy is a modern surgical technique that allows minimally invasive treatment of joint disorders. It offers less pain, faster recovery, and early mobilization.

Arthroscopic Knee Surgery

• Meniscus repair and meniscectomy
• Anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
• Collateral ligament injuries
• Cartilage damage (microfracture, cartilage transplantation)
• Patellar instability
• Synovectomy and removal of loose bodies

Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery

• Bankart repair (recurrent shoulder dislocations)
• Rotator cuff tears
• Subacromial impingement syndrome
• Labral tears
• Shoulder osteoarthritis and calcific tendinitis
• Removal of bursitis and intra-articular loose bodies

Spine Surgery (Spinal Surgery)

Spine surgery includes the treatment of congenital, degenerative, traumatic, and tumoral disorders of the spine.

Commonly Treated Spine Conditions

• Scoliosis and kyphosis (Scheuermann’s kyphosis)
• Lumbar and cervical disc herniation
• Spinal stenosis
• Spondylolisthesis
• Spinal fractures and dislocations
• Spinal infections
• Spinal tumors

Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology

Diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders in children aged 0–16 years.

• Developmental dysplasia of the hip
• Clubfoot
• Myelomeningocele
• Developmental deformities
• Childhood fractures and tumors

Foot and Ankle Surgery

• Foot and ankle fractures
• Ligament and tendon injuries
• Sports-related injuries
• Cartilage damage
• Deformities and osteoarthritis

Orthopedic Oncology

Diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant tumors of bone, muscle, and soft tissue.

• Osteosarcoma
• Ewing sarcoma
• Rhabdomyosarcoma
• Soft tissue tumors

Shoulder and Elbow Surgery

• Shoulder and elbow osteoarthritis
• Rotator cuff disorders
• Recurrent dislocations
• Overuse injuries

Both arthroscopic and open surgical techniques are used.

Osteoarthritis (Degenerative Joint Disease) Treatments

• Gonarthrosis (knee osteoarthritis)
• Coxarthrosis (hip osteoarthritis)

Treatment Options

• Knee and hip replacement surgery
• Revision joint replacement surgeries
• Corrective bone surgeries (osteotomies)

Extremity Surgery

• Limb lengthening procedures
• Correction of bone deformities
• Nonunion fractures (pseudoarthrosis)
• Osteomyelitis (bone infections)
• External fixator applications

Hip Fractures

Commonly seen in elderly patients.

• Femoral neck fractures
• Trochanteric fractures
• Subtrochanteric fracture

Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery

• Hand, wrist, elbow, and arm fractures
• Tendon and nerve injuries
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Trigger finger
• Microsurgical repair and replantation
• Small joint prostheses

Common Orthopedic Conditions

• Cervical disc herniation
• Scoliosis
• Kyphosis
• Knee pain
• Hand and wrist disorders