Biochemistry

What Is a Biochemistry Laboratory?

A biochemistry laboratory is a unit within hospitals and healthcare institutions where biological analyses are performed to provide a scientific basis for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up processes. These laboratories play a critical role in identifying diseases, assessing overall health status, and guiding treatment by analyzing samples obtained from blood, urine, and other body fluids.

The main functions of biochemistry laboratories include:

• Performing the necessary tests to support accurate diagnosis based on the patient’s complaints
• Analyzing tests requested by physicians and preparing results for clinical interpretation
• Supporting the clinical team by recommending additional tests when necessary, based on the patient’s condition

With these functions, biochemistry laboratories are an integral part of healthcare services, working in close coordination with clinicians.

What Diseases Does the Biochemistry Laboratory Evaluate?

Biochemistry laboratories contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases by analyzing samples from blood, urine, and other body fluids. Tests are generally performed upon a physician’s request; however, laboratory specialists may recommend additional tests when clinically necessary.

The main tests performed in biochemistry laboratories include:

• Routine biochemical tests
• Complete blood count (CBC)
• Blood gas analysis
• Cardiac biomarkers
• Tumor markers
• Coagulation tests
• Therapeutic drug level monitoring
• Metabolic screening and diagnostic tests
• Toxicology tests
• Urinalysis
• Electrolyte measurements
• Electrophoresis tests
• Hormone assays
• Enzyme level measurements
• RIA (Radioimmunoassay) tests

Through these analyses, biochemistry laboratories support the diagnostic and follow-up processes of many medical specialties, including endocrinology, internal medicine, nephrology, gastroenterology, gynecology, general surgery, neurology, oncology, and cardiology.

In addition, biochemistry laboratories actively participate in diagnostic processes for all age groups, from newborns to elderly individuals.